Indicator minerals for diamonds

[jpoke5]

Certain minerals are present in the rocks from the upper mantle that occur with diamonds in kimberlite and lamproite pipes, as seen in nearby cases of xenoliths and diamond inclusions. Some of these minerals, being resistant to weathering and denser than quartz sand, concentrate in channel bottoms. Because they occur in far greater abundance than diamond, exploration geologists look for these "indicators" among the gravel of regions they suspect may host diamond-bearing pipes.

Indicator minerals for diamond include, in order of decreasing significance: garnet, chromite, ilmenite, clinopyroxene, olivine, and zircon. But the order of persistence in streams is zircon, ilmenite, chromite, garnet, chromian diopside, and olivine. Diamond itself is obviously a most important indicator.


Most indicator minerals have a distinctive color. Seen here are red pyrope garnets, green chromian clinopyroxene, black ilmenite and chromite, and yellowish-green olivine.

[AJE]

October 21, 2006
CNN :lol:

MURFREESBORO, Arkansas (AP) -- A Wisconsin man visiting a state park took home the ultimate souvenir: a 5.47-carat canary diamond.

Bob Wehle of Ripon, Wisconsin, found the diamond at the Crater of Diamonds State Park in Murfreesboro October 14. The park is the world's only publicly operated diamond site where visitors are allowed to search and keep any gems they find.

For the complete artical please see :arrow:
http://www.cnn.com/2006/US/10/21/diamond.ap/index.html

R U ready to rockhound yet :?:

[frank-e]

That I would love to find also.

Here is some more interesting lost treasure stories, I have picked up along the way while doing my researching.

A diamond was also found years back in Eau-Claire,WI river just out of town... but it was very good quality diamond....It was worth some money though.

There is also a lost bank treasure that was stolen many years back that
the burglars buried in a cave, but in an underground cavern of that cave.The cave fell in and then treasure was never found.That was also somewhere in the Eau-Claire area.That was reported by a Friend I know who writes for a treasure magazine.

There is a gold or silver mine that is now a park for visitors..it was closed off and no-one knows that it is there..So sometime when you are in one of the parks you may be sitting where the mine was once, still with possible hidden treasure in it. This mine is not related to "Silver Mound" in Jackson county.

Does Wisconsin have a river of gold?...yes! It is locate in the upper left hand corner of Wisconsin.Travelers way back use to go gold digging in that River and did find small gold deposits.There was also gold found around the Wisconsin Superior water edge recently reported in an investment magazine....it is said to have lots of gold.

One day some explorers where exploring an old town in Wisconsin way in the deep woods and went under what used to be a bank and found bricks of gold and bags of old money.The amount of money was huge.

Another story I heard from a The Sheriff of Wausau,WI ..he is a cool guy!A man who owned an old building and did mechanics,never used a bank.He drilled holes in the wall and deposited the money there.He died and the building was bought by someone else.The owners where rebuilding the place when they noticed money by the wall floor.They had to call in the police and National guard,because what they found was over one hundred thousand dollars of old money and trinkets of gold.This is a true story I got conformation on that story.

Stories of lost gold and hidden treasure are everywhere and I even spoke with many older people who know of people who lost money, because they forgot where they buried it back when they where young. Banks where not used by many back then in the old days.

Some people in Wisconsin Rapids where rebuilding their house and removed a block of cement from their front step of their front door and then found enough hidden money to do there whole house...Nice wish I could do that!

If you don't believe in money falls out of tree's..It's true.
I spoke with a man who said he would throw money in the tree, so his families kids would find it..He said he threw hundreds of Walking Liberties and other old coins which where never found.The man has since died and the home was taken away for a road.So where ever the dirt went the money went with it and that means someone may someday find a treasure.This was a nice man I spoke with in Marshfield, WI.
Money does come out of trees'

Somewhere over by Arpin/Pittsville direction, had put a big bag of money in a tree and that person died.It is still in there and was said to have a bird living at one time in that hole.

Along time ago a bank robber stoled money from a bank somewhere around marshfield years way back and was said to have been chased by cops.He took the money and buried along the highway going into or out of Black River falls,They found him.. but never recovered the money.He could not remember where he buried it.

Lindsey,Wisconsin where a near by town once stood, had a tornado and took down the bank and other buildings.The money which was not a lot as reported,was never recovered,it still is Laying spread out among the bush.

A friend of my family found a gold chunk in the basement that was worth Two hundred and sixty thousand + Dollars in the Plainfield, WI area.It was in a bottle stuffed under the ceiling. He had enough money to rebuild the Plainfield Diner on the corner of BB/73 and rebuild the home which was located near the food Diner.The old gold miner who owned the building before they bought it,was found to have no family or relatives alive, so they got the money because of it after going to court for an ownership issue.

Did you know there are people making big bucks with computers and not from what is on them or what you sell, but from what is in them....GOLD! Yes! They have gold in them and some people are buying old used ones for the gold mostly.The gold is used for some parts inside the computers.
So, if someone wants your old computer for free... sell it to them instead,unless of-course it is being donated to someone who really needs it for helping other people ect.

An antique dealer in Wisconsin Rapids found a pipe closed off sticking half way out of the ground in the woods he was metal detecting in and when he pulled it from the ground and shuck the pipe it had something in it.When he cut the pipe and opened it, the pipe was full of walking liberties and lots of other old coins.

Some people went to Hatfield, WI, friends of friends I know.. At the time when the Dam broke to metal detect and take atvantage of good hunting grounds.I would have too, but because my detector was in for repair.... I missed the fun...SHUCKS!
They where detecting somewhere on a sand dune in the middle of the lake and pulled up a rusted bottle full of at least over $200.00 dallors,of old ancient money and coins.
Also,
Someone hacked a 4-wheeler and other stuff from some campers and dumped the machine in the lake to get rid of evidence before they where nabbed by police...YES! How-ever the 4-wheeler was found and pulled out and everything else was returned.. Nauty people!
So if you go metal detecting at Hatfield,WI don't get any funny ideas, because you will get caught!


Some people I know, whose son flew a plane doing land surveying around the Eau-Plane river area mid wisconsin..I won't say where! reported to us that he found while ground surveying possibles of land with enormous amounts of expensive rich minerals.He told us his plane had the technical equipment to do underground scanning and what was under the ground.When he reported this to his company,he was told not to say anything because the company wanted this material, which was worth lots of money.They where going to buy off the land, to do building on the property to actually get the minerals.I don't know the people and then their son had an unresolved death case.The police figured it to be suicide,but this was never proven.The parents claimed it had something doing with the land issue,because of some stuff that was happening they knew about.This is all true!
Note!
If someone wants to buy your land out of the blue, ask why and do your investigating before you selling to anyone!You may have some hidden treasures on or under it, that could make you rich.


Seek and you will find.
Keep looking up for rocks falling from space!
Always ask permission before doing any treasure hunting.

[AJE]

Originally Posted by frank-e

Here is some more interesting lost treasure stories, I have picked up along the way while doing my researching...

A diamond was also found years back in Eau-Claire,WI river just out of town... but it was very good quality diamond....It was worth some money though.

This Diamond probably came down on the Continental Glaciers from the upper reaches of Canada where there is known Kimberlite Volcanic Cores where fairly recently diamond mines are beginning to extract the precious stones.

What is Kimberlite?
Kimberlite is a type of rock best known for containing diamonds.
Kimberlite is an ultrapotassic, ultramafic, igneous rock composed of olivine, phlogopite, pyroxene and garnet, with a variety of chemically anomalous trace minerals. Kimberlite occurs in the Earth's crust in vertical structures known as kimberlite pipes.

How Does this Kimberlite Form?
As the Kimberlite rich magma approaches the earth's surface, an explosive reaction takes place between groundwater, the molten kimberlite, and dissolved gases in the kimberlite. An explosive volcanic eruption follows, resulting in the formation of a kimberlite pipe or vent. The kimberlite magma begins at depth as a series of dykes and sills that flare into a tapered carrot-shaped sub volcanic "diatreme neck" about one kilometer below the surface. Due to explosive release of pressure near the surface, a kimberlite crater is developed which fills with shallow crater-material deposits.

Kimberlite volcanoes have breached the crust throughout geological history with the youngest event recognized in Canada as about 50 million years ago.

Originally Posted by frank-e

There is a gold or silver mine that is now a park for visitors..it was closed off and no-one knows that it is there..So sometime when you are in one of the parks you may be sitting where the mine was once, still with possible hidden treasure in it. This mine is not related to "Silver Mound" in Jackson county.

Does Wisconsin have a river of gold?...yes! It is locate in the upper left hand corner of Wisconsin.Travelers way back use to go gold digging in that River and did find small gold deposits.There was also gold found around the Wisconsin Superior water edge recently reported in an investment magazine....it is said to have lots of gold.

Gold is usually found in hydrothermal deposits where it forms at a wide range of temperatures and geological settings. Gold may form in exhalative deposits formed on the sea floor associated with Archean basaltic sequences known as greenstone belts. It may form in veins associated with large granite intrusions associated with mountain building processes. It may also form in veins formed along major fault zones yes Wisconsin does have several identified faults. Gold in veins is associated with sulfides, quartz, nagyagite, calaverite, sylvanite, krennerite, pyrite and calcite.

Gold is resistant to weathering, hence is often freed from the surrounding rock and redeposited as sediment. Because gold has a very high density about 19.3 grams per cubic centimeter with a hardness of about 2-3 on the Moles Scale, it tends to settle out readily and be trapped with coarser sediments. Where current action is strong, less dense materials are preferentially washed away, concentrating the gold in these “placer” deposits. In submerged gold-bearing sediments, slight shaking of the sedimentary column will cause the gold to sift down toward the bottom of the deposit. These tendencies result in the gold accumulating along the contacts between sediment and underlying bedrock. Cracks and crevices in bedrock over which a river rushes or has rushed are good places to prospect. In "placers", gold is associated with other dense or "heavy" minerals such as garnet, magnetite, ilmenite, and even diamonds. Gold is also found in conglomerates that are lithified placer deposits.

Gold has been reported from a number of localities in Wisconsin, but the known deposits are all small and sub-economic or not very deep.

Gold in small amounts can probably be found in “placers” within any county. Wisconsin glacial sediments contain small amounts of gold, and most of Wisconsin streams are reworking the glacial sediments. Wisconsin’s drift gold is generally in very small particles, constituting what is termed "flour gold", with true nuggets being exceedingly rare. Rarely, diamonds may also turn up during gold placer mining.

In Wisconsin, individuals may do recreational panning without a license, provided stream banks and bottoms are not unduly harmed and large amounts of sediments are not released in the water. Any gold found belongs to the holder of the mineral rights of that property. It is thus important to get permission to pan and to work out an agreement with the holder of the mineral rights before panning.

Just a Brief Viewpoint of Mineralogy in the Field for Native Au
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS:
Color is golden "butter" yellow.
Luster is metallic.
Transparency is opaque.
Crystal System is isometric; 4/m bar 3 2/m
Crystal Habits include massive nuggets and disseminated grains. Also wires, dendritic and arborescent crystal clusters.
Cleavage is absent.
Fracture is jagged.
Streak is golden yellow.
Hardness is 2.5 - 3
Specific Gravity is 19.3+ (extremely heavy even for metallic minerals)
Other Characteristics: ductile, malleable and sectile, meaning it can be pounded into other shapes, stretched into a wire and cut into slices.
Notable Occurrences include California and South Dakota, USA; Siberia, Russia; South Africa; Canada and other localities around the world.
Best Field Indicators are color, density, hardness, sectility, malleability and ductility.

http://webmineral.com/data/Gold.shtml

Originally Posted by frank-e

Some people I know, whose son flew a plane doing land surveying around the Eau-Plane river area mid wisconsin... reported to us that he found while ground surveying possibles of land with enormous amounts of expensive rich minerals. He told us his plane had the technical equipment to do underground scanning and what was under the ground. When he reported this to his company,he was told not to say anything because the company wanted this material, which was worth lots of money. They where going to buy off the land, to do building on the property to actually get the minerals.I don't know the people and then their son had an unresolved death case. The police figured it to be suicide,but this was never proven.The parents claimed it had something doing with the land issue,because of some stuff that was happening they knew about.This is all true!
Note!

If someone wants to buy your land out of the blue, ask why and do your investigating before you selling to anyone!You may have some hidden treasures on or under it, that could make you rich.

People can be greedy crooks as in this case. No life should have been taken by this rock find through the Aeriel Photography. I feel for the family. I think the family should call upon the TV series Unsolved Mysteries. After all the Al Capone Episode of the Lost Loot in Northern Wis was aired several times.
:arrow: Seek and you will find.
:arrow: Always ask permission before doing any treasure hunting.

[AJE]

Rockhounding is soo Gneiss to do in Wisconsin!

[AJE]

Originally Posted by frank-e

There is a gold or silver mine that is now a park for visitors..it was closed off and no-one knows that it is there..So sometime when you are in one of the parks you may be sitting where the mine was once, still with possible hidden treasure in it. This mine is not related to "Silver Mound" in Jackson county.

Abandoned Mines are UNSTABLE!

Mine shafts are vertical mine openings. They represent the number one cause of death and injury in abandoned mines. Because no light enters a mine shaft, the depth is difficult to assess. The shaft collar may be loose and unconsolidated. This material can break away, causing individuals to fall into the shaft. Darkness, loose debris, false floors, rotten timbers, and water can hide vertical openings.

Explosives become highly unstable with time and when exposed to the elements. Old dynamite often contains nitroglycerine, which can explode with the slightest disturbance. Perhaps the most dangerous explosives are blasting caps. Rodents can scatter blasting caps on the mine floor. If stepped on, they will explode. A blasting cap resembles a firecracker with wires

Highwalls are vertical cliffs. They are common features of open pit mines and quarries which can be unstable and prone to collapse. Do not stand near or under highwalls nor attempt to climb them.

Mines are not caves. Caves are formed naturally over thousands or even millions of years. Mines are man-made by blasting, which fractures and weakens the surrounding rocks. Vibrations from walking or even speaking can cause an abandoned mine to cave in.

Abandoned mines are not ventilated. Consequently, pockets of deadly air and gases can be present. Even experienced cavers can die exploring mines, due to lack of oxygen.

Structures are dilapidated. Support timbers, headframes, ladders, pump jacks, tanks, and other related structures may seem safe and solid; but rotted wood will easily crumble under a person's weight. Don't be fooled by appearances. Do not climb on, around, or under structures.

Animals live in abandoned mines. Rattlesnakes (southern-southcentral WI), bats, bears, or mountain lions can den or escape the heat in the dark recesses of a mine. Underground mines can be critical habitat for such species. You should not disturb them.

Bad Air is oxygen-deficient or toxic air that can build up in abandoned mines, causing dizziness or even unconsciousness. Bad air is odorless and tasteless. Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide often collect in low areas or along the floor in horizontal workings. The motion of walking can cause bad air to mix with good air.

Radioactivity is the result of the natural decay process of radioactive minerals (uranium, vanadium, etc.). The effects of radiation exposure are cumulative through a lifetime. Excessive exposure can be harmful or eventually fatal.

Hazardous Waste such as bags or drums of chemicals used in mining, milling or drilling operations can pose a threat when touched or smelled by an uninformed person. Illegal dumping of industrial hazardous waste can also occur.

Water Hazards occur in flooded abandoned mines. Shallow water can conceal drop-offs (winzes), sharp objects, and other hazards. You can drown in a water-filled shaft.

[frank-e]

Always be safe, when metal detecting or doing any type of out door activities away from your home.You should always be prepared for the weather and carry some sun block, food and water. A cell phone is also very handy, if you would need it in case of an emergency. NEVER go into any area which would put you into a dangerous situation such as.. Caves, fast water along rivers and sides of cliffs or rocky steep hills, because they could very dangerous or deadly.
I have detected in my Husbands family small sand pit which is not very deep,but I still use precautions because I have seen animal tracks and have smelled skunk in it.
All I can say is:
Be safe and don't do anything that could put your life in danger.

[AJE]

Wis. man finds 3.92-ct white diamond


MURFREESBORO, Ark. - A Wisconsin man digging at an Arkansas diamond park with his fiancee Tuesday found a 3.92-carat white stone, but the rock will go into his collection because his betrothed already has a ring and a setting.

Eric Blake, 32, of Appleton, Wis., spotted the stone along a trail at the Crater of Diamonds State Park when he set down a 70-pound bucket of mud that he was carrying to a wash basin. "I put the bucket down to switch hands. I looked down and there it was," Blake said.

Wis. man finds 3.92-ct white diamond - Yahoo! News